Democracy in Egypt

Democracy in EgyptIntroduction Democracy in EgyptIn 2009, countries of the Arabian descent took to the streets in rebellion to the aristocratic take upers they stupefy been subdued under for long time. The wave of demonstrations and coup dtats strewing oer North Africa with Egypt being among the countries that were bear on. Two years later, the Egyptian chair Hosni Mubarak was pervertn by the giving medication through a soldiers coup. Egyptians sought to the streets proclaiming supremacy over the aristocratic leaders exit from the palace. The President was exculpate with several violations of the human rights and other atrocities under his reign. (Bukay2007) It is purported that the beat for land was fostered by the Western country of the linked States with the primary aim to westernize the Arabian country. Some reports indicate that the dynamo effect of the revolution was because of the consequent subsequent revolutions in other countries. N one and only(a)the little, t he question remains whether republic go out prevail in the Arabian country. Considering the heathenish and the media factors, will Egypts struggle for country actually bear fruit? To this effect, the purpose of the paper is to analyze sources of tuition on the particular topic.The main purpose of the paper is to de clienteleate the joined States sake in the parliamentary struggle in Egypt with reference to Putnams be dumbfound on the Arabian countries revolution. Moreover, the paper will discuss wherefore nation will not prevail in the country fork overd that the cultural, historical, religious and ideological views still held firmly in the country.The antiauthoritarian revolutionIt is purported that the United States has been at the vanguard in the struggle or the patronage for the revolution in the North Afri substructure countries. The U.S. take overs a strong, affluent and democratic Egypt that responds to the aspirations of its peoples. It believes that the ou tcomes of elections and the shape of Egypts new land argon for the Egyptian people to decide. The U.S.s support for the transition to civilization is aimed at aiding the citizens in mental synthesis democratic institutions as rise up as fair processes that offer greater opportunity. Moreover, provide for right plus the participation in policy-making life. However, the United States does not support or fund whatsoever candidates or political parties. (Embassy of the US2015) The United States funded the aft(prenominal) revolution events worth sixty million dollars for the programs supporting the revolution. The United States supports much(prenominal) endeavors in the name of partnerships. Therefore, the nation is foc employ solely on the spry priorities that the Egyptians had identified including defying of free and fair elections, empowering citizens to play a aim in their countrys future and the treasureion and expansion of the popular rights. Moreover, the United State s sought to expand in the civil society and the building democratic institutions that are transparent and accountable. The main agenda of the United States is to provide the support of the independent Egypt that represent the rights and the interests of the people. Nevertheless, are the good will intentions of the tops(p) power possible to relegate the democratic revolutions of the nation? Are the actions of the United States credible with the medieval factors that still govern the society much(prenominal)(prenominal) as religion and culture? There put one over been former studies conducted by political scientists on the success of such western countries in forging for the prompt to democracy in Arabian countries. Among them is Putnam whose main lifes bailiwick is to address the fruit in the Middle einsteinium. Putnams view on Democracy and the Arab nations Putnam is a political scientist whose main interests were on the ideology of democracy and revolution. He performed a s tudy on the equality of the Arabian countries and its implication to the development of the nations. In his studies, he argues that most students of the novel democracies, which confuse emerged over the previous decade and beyond, name a bun in the oven emphasized the significance of a vigorous and active civil society in relation to the Alliance of democracy. This is particularly in relation to the post-communist nations, scholars, as advantageously as democratic activists who have in each case complained about the obliteration of norms of independent civic imbibement, as well as a broad tendency toward reflexive reliance on the rural area. He purports that for the people who are concerned about civil societies weakness, indoors the post-communist and developing world, the developed Western democracies and particularly the UDS have generally been considered as models to be emulated. Nevertheless, over the previous several decades, it has emerged that the vibrancy assoc iated with the the Statesn courtly society has declined. (Shafick2013)It is get through that democracy will never work in Egypt because of many reasons. The situation in the Middle einsteinium is now more(prenominal) dangerous and chaotic as compared to how it was years ago. The enthusiasm that was linked to past tense has now proved to be entirely misguided. Moreover, it has contributed to the chaos is Egypt, as well as anarchy in Libya. The people who are interested in being on the appropriate side of history, realize that they are on the erroneous face as far as the pipeline is concerned. This means that democracy is precisely not the solution for societies that are extremely twisty and the fact that the Western keeps on meddling. That only makes matters immensely worse. The main arguments that democracy as it is understood simply cannot work within the Middle East nations where tribe, family, sect and personal friendships outplay the device of the state. Democracy cannot work in Egypt because all the Middle East nations have proved beyond apt doubt that they are societies, which can never be controlled by the reign of truth. Thus, some scholars have defined them as favor for favor cultures. This suggests that in Egypt what usually happens that whenever individuals face particular problems, they often seek help from relatives or people of their own tribe or who live within the aforementioned(prenominal) locality as them. Furthermore, such requests of seeking assistance are rarely refused because those people tend to have very strong ties. Moreover, in states where mixer security is ineffective, peoples future security only depends on the usual extensive family.Democracy will remain to be a dream in Egypt because is that state behind the chaotic structure lies the conundrum police, as well as the armed forces. They are known to hold the nation together under the protection of the chairperson who rules. The leader maintains the discordant ele ments of society whole holding concessions to every group, but the leaders also possess authority,which can be exercised in relation to how the public can understand. Democracy has also failed to work in Middle East countries such as Egypt because the West has abjectly failed in understanding the inner deeds of such nations, and that has brought about some disastrous impacts. Iraq can be used as a classic example. For instance, the invasion that occurred in Iraq only do matters worse in spite of the negative e deeds of Saddam. The fact that the US invaded that nation, the stability of the gulf was destroyed, and it was an enormous impact since the Gulf had since 1979, depended on a tripod consisting of Iraq, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. Consequently, the Iranians now have the ability to govern the Gulf region. (Orttung Walker 2012) The term democracy can be defined as the constitution of organisation where the people vote for their representatives in direct democracy or indirect de mocracy. It is explained that he Moslem culture is in line with the term democratic. Nonetheless, how is democratic if a large portion of the worlds political schema is in opposition to the Moslem culture and laws? First, the law and the culture do not permit commoners or people of depress classes to hold any political positions in the authorities or any other post? Islamists argue that the parliamentary democracy and representative elections are not only compatible with the Islamic law, but it also encourages freedom. It is mostly done in two ways either they twist the definitions to tally the apparatus of the Islamic governance such as the term democracy or they bend the reality of life in Muslim countries to determine their theories. (Amid2015) It is arguable that the term democracy has a myriad of meanings and a class at that. Every culture molds its own democratic government and, on that pointfore, a religious freedom can ensue.There is the argument that Islamic depa rtments have internalized the democratic discourse through the concepts of shura consultation- and ijma-consensus-. It is, therefore, implied that the ideology of democracy already exists in the Muslim nations. It is consequently, reaffirmed through the minority revolutions where the move to overthrow the Egyptian president was due to his dictatorial leadership and not due to westernization. The strong argument will be that he other Arabian nations that still notice the Islamic laws will not let the influence of the Western world become apparent. In addition, how will democracy be reached if issues such as women rights and freedom are far from being realized? Years and years of protests in the western world on the stringent Muslim laws and the strong submission of the woman on the expense of the male superiority and liberties have been practiced. If the argument that the Arab nations are democratic, then the struggle and the support that the United States is crack is a waste of t ax payers money at the expense of democratization in Egypt. The idea of Islamic democracy in the relativism theory on Islamic culture and religion is accommodated in the Arab nations whose sole purpose is to turn away westernization. However, the ideology is not complete but the struggle by America is accommodative as well since change is a gradual process. Hence, the cultural aspect of the Islamic nations will be a barrier to the democratic revolution of the Islamic nations. (Zunes2011)Freedom of speech and the mediaConversely, the media channels were at the forefront of the struggle for the democracy in the Arabian country. It was a breakthrough for the Egyptian country with the reports from the neighboring countries revolution and Libyas anarchy. It brought about the wave of riot, and the military used the media primarily to enforce revolutions. From bloggers to media personalities the country was manipulated by the military to engage in the violent engagements slightly the cou ntry and mostly in the crown city, capital of Egypt. The effect of the social media has deepened the imprint on the Egyptian society and authorities despite the fact that most bloggers and media officials suffer from the freedom to air information on the countrys current issues. (Clay, 2011) Three years on the procession, there are still revolutions on the freedom of speech in the media docket. In February 2011, the highest commission of the Armed military directed a approximate order to the civil society routinely portraying the democracy activists as foreign-backed troublemakers. It had also restricted the discussion of assorted views on the news along with analysis programs, and more generally blocked the pathway for improvement in key areas of the media percentage.In the mass to the centennial of Mubaraks acquiescence, state media have presaged activists against insulting steps while asserting that the military would provide to protect the state. A recent example of this ba cksliding is the creation of the so-called issue Military Media Committee, a body of eleven generals that will be accountable for as long as information about the martial to journalists and offsetting what it considers unilateral coverage. (El-Sherif2014) Such retrospective actions have been all the more unsatisfactory presumptuousness the ciphers early last year that real development ought to be in the offing. Among the first steps in use after Mubaraks convulsion was the abolition of the point of information executive official on February 22nd, 2011. The move made Egypt become one of the three nations in the Middle East and North Africa, together with Qatar and Lebanon that became short of an information official, a post that is characteristically associated with restriction and cant. In July, though, the position was restored, and all through the subsequent half(prenominal) of 2011, the taboo on the debate of individual subject was reestablished in state media.At least five national televisions plus radio presenters have been taken off the air or confronted with prosecution herculean for the limits of permitted speech. Therefore, the issue of the democratic revolution of the state will be hindered with the military governance that seeks to guide the move of the nation to the next step. In addition, it is clear why the military and the country at whole are in retribution to the revolutionary democratic move. The incidences where their fellow citizens have been mistreated and live cruelly in the western worlds. For instance after the terrorist attacks in the United States and the United Kingdom in London would soon prove to be difficult for the Democratic support to be futile. Americans and the Europeans were upset after the twin attacks in both continents with sentiments towards the attackers mostly being Arabians and Muslims origins discriminating those living in the areas. Therefore, the struggle by the United States to support the country especiall y will be futile with recognition by the citizens in this country being affected with the awful comments from the nations. It will, therefore, be difficult to endorse the democratic movement if such wounds are still new in the wits of the populace of the Islamic countries considering that the effect is still felt to date. The Youth of January 25. In the wake of the revolution, the young was at the forefront of the struggle of the democratic incidences. However, since the revolution culminated the youth have gone underground with no intentions of surfacing to enable the revolution. In fact, the crisis is not the standard radical problem of influential running out of steam. If something, the necessitate conflicting has happened they had too much steam that has reserved them operating around in circles. That they were authentically stunned to observe the degree of the democratic system breakdown rising in the years after Mubaraks synthesis is no news it is generally familiar and ack nowledged. Their mistrust of all sorts of authority, whether they are politicians, intellectual experts, or even elder people, persuaded them that they had to suspend onto their grounds of Utopian revolt, and not pay attention to the warning voices of unattractive understanding. Except these dim-witted leaders were thunderstruck on the several junctures when they instituted themselves on behalf of a losing preponderance in the face of a prearranged alternative. It is argued that the youth in Egypt have less to look forward to in terms of democracy if there is any hope of the western world. The ideology of the unstructured government is among the issues that will lead to the democratic movements culmination.The military is independent of other institutions of the government that enabled it to act solely without the remission of the other institutions. Moreover, the parliamentary community and the government operate differently without the involvement of the other subsidiary meanin g there is no constitutional application for the transition of power if there is no president. Hence, it was able for the military to succeed the former President Hosni Mubarak. In addition, the division of the diverse political groups may be the reason why the degeneration of the political system will not digress to the democratic revolution. The Muslim Brotherhood is among the groups that constitute for the remission of the ruling government in democratic ways of governance. The reason is because the ideology on the former management system was not efficient then and would never be efficient in the new Egypt. Egypt is becoming increasingly ungovernable. (Fadel2014) The realm cannot change its reasserted supremacy into legality, and as intrastate rivalry and unruly complaint political affairs get over the following arena, the nation faces a political void with no clear resolution. Egypt desires an absolute reinvention of its biased sphere. In spite of the development of a polemi c public liberty since 2011, Egypt still requires a proficient political division, without which it will be powerless to deal with entrenched institutional obstructions to democracy. The alliance that supports the July 2013 overthrow that conquered then-President Mohamed Morsi is portioning. A split is increasing amid groups that want to replicate Mubaraks authoritarianism and those that bear a more self-governing future for Egypt. No one collection has monopolized the debate.List of referencesDavid bulky can there be an Islamic democracy? (2007) pp71-79 the Middle East Quarterly http//www.meforum.org/1680/can-there-be-an-islamic-democracyEmbassy of the US supporting Egypts Democratic transition (2015) http//egypt.usembassy.gov/democracy.html Stephen zunes Egypts pre-democratic movement the struggle continues (2011) present democracy https//www.opendemocracy.net/stephen-zunes/egypts-pro-democracy-movement-struggle-continuesChristopher Walker Robert Orttung For Egypts State media, the Revolution has yet to father (2012) https//freedomhouse.org/blog/egypts-state-media-revolution-has-yet-arrive.VUoMx5MYF_MHesham shafick Egypts January 25 revolutionary youth where have they gone (2013). https//www.opendemocracy.net/arab-awakening/hesham-shafick/egypts-january-25-revolutionary-youth-where-have-they-goneRebecca A. Clay Muslims in America post 9/11 American Psychology Association (2011) vol 42 no.8 pp 72. http//www.apa.org/monitor/2011/09/muslims.aspxAshraf El-Sherif Egypts post-Mubarak Predicament (2014) http//carnegieendowment.org/2014/01/29/egypt-s-post-mubarak-predicament Shadi Hamid The struggle for Middle East Democracy the American University in Cairo (2015) http//www.aucegypt.edu/gapp/cairoreview/pages/articledetails.aspx?aid=20Mohammed Fadel what killed the Egyptian democracy (2014) http//bostonreview.net/forum/mohammad-fadel-what-killed-egyptian-democracy